Longevity is admittedly a crude and indirect indicator of population health.
The present study examined the effect of bandwidth on human brainstem activation using fMRI, an indicator of population neural activity.
To clarify, the aforementioned variables and their measurements are specified as follows: In this study, household density is used as an indicator of population density.
Nighttime shots could find much wider use as an indicator of population density, the researchers say, for instance, in studies of economic development or during refugee crises.
He adds that plumage color may serve as an indicator of population health, which would offer an easy way to monitor vulnerable species.
However, while these initial results are promising, much more remains to be done in terms of understanding the extent to which social media can be used systematically as an accurate indicator of population movement.
Song diversity can thus be viewed as an indicator of population viability, through its relationship with population size, affecting the population social environment, and productivity, depending on individual breeding performance and sexual advertising.
The latter result is important because monitoring changes in population differentiation (e.g., FST or DEST) is often a more sensitive indicator of population decline than is the loss of allelic diversity [116], [117].
Another indicator of population genetic diversity, the mean number of alleles sampled per locus, was not lowest in Thoroughbred (4.6 SEM±0.09) but in Akhal-Teke (4.0 SEM±0.08) and was greatest in Tuva (5.0 SEM±0.10).
The dynamics and reasons for the decline of LBAM across the Hawaiian Archipelago are unclear, but trapping revealed only a few localized populations which approached the density of the invasive populations in California and New Zealand, using trap catch as an indicator of population density.
