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At present, pathologic stage is the most important indicator for adjuvant chemotherapy after pulmonary resection for lung AD.
Because of the fact that the histopathological staging after RCT seems not to be a useful indicator for adjuvant chemotherapy due to downstaging, adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-FU is performed in both groups independent of the histopathological staging to avoid an adjuvant treatment bias.
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These studies suggest that analysis of CTC might serve as a clinically useful monitoring tool and should be tested as an indicator for secondary adjuvant treatment intervention within clinical trials.
In particular, the identification of a biomarker that can predict patients at high-risk is important, because such a biomarker could be a useful indicator for determining whether adjuvant therapeutic modalities, such as irradiation and chemotherapy, should be utilized.
These data provide support for the concept that, in some tumours, carcinogenesis involves a regenerative process which co-exists with apoptotic inhibition and may provide a valuable selective indicator of the need for adjuvant therapy in those patients with early-stage colorectal cancer whose disease is destined to recur after curative surgery.
These clinical and histological factors are, however, crude determinants and are not used, in routine practice, as indicators of the need for adjuvant post-operative therapies.
In addition, also included were indicator variables for radiotherapy, and for adjuvant hormone therapy and chemotherapy.
Whether cyclin H alone or in combination with any other factor will be an indicator for the necessity of adjuvant treatment of R0-resected high risk GIST with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor remains to be further investigated.
It is well documented that axillary nodal status is a major prognostic indicator and a guide to the need for adjuvant therapy.
Firstly, profiling highlights the potential to identify novel prognostic indicators, which may contribute to improved selection of patients for adjuvant therapy.
Axillary LN status is also a major prognostic indicator and acts as a guide, in terms of the need for adjuvant chemotherapy, in breast-cancer patients [ 3].
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