A parcel is defined as an aggregate-level indicator comprised of the sum or average of two or more items, responses, or behaviors.
Soil quality indicators comprising of the three standard groupings including: physical (moisture content, bulk density); chemical (pH, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable bases, cation exchange capacity, C/N ratio, electrical conductivity) and biological (organic matter content) proposed by Yerima and Van Ranst (2005a), for soils in the tropics, were selected for analysis.
To adequately quantify appropriate complementary feeding, we used a composite indicator comprising three of the WHO core IYCF indicators that relate closely to complementary feeding.
Furthermore, a composite indicator comprising timely introduction of solid, semi-solid or soft foods at 6 months, minimum meal frequency, and minimum dietary diversity better explains weight-for-length Z-scores than each of the single indicators.
Secondly, a composite indicator comprising timely introduction of solid, semi-solid or soft foods at 6 months, minimum meal frequency, and minimum dietary diversity better explains weight-for-length Z-scores of young children in rural Northern Ghana than each of the individual indicators.
We found 14 long-term large-area compilations of health indicators and determinants and seven compilations of environmental health indicators, comprising hundreds of metrics.
These indicators comprised: evidence of an ACP, being on the Liverpool Care of the Dying Pathway, Referral to the Hospital Palliative Care Service, appropriate prescription of opioids, use of syringe driver for symptom control, presence of palliative care alert and documentation of a Palliative approach to resuscitation status in the case of respiratory or cardiac arrest.
Following the pre-set criteria, seven additional items were excluded, reducing the number of indicators comprising each latent factor to a minimum of three.
The material resources indicator is comprised of a single measure assessing the proportion of young people growing up in households with adequate financial resources, while community involvement is assessed using a combination of three measures.
The independent variables used in the FSW analysis were collective efficacy, collective agency, and collective action; these were made up of multiple indicators comprising a composite index described in detail in Table 1.
