APX, CAT, and GR were enhanced at transcriptional level and in terms of enzyme activity, indicating the activation of antioxidant defence.
These genes related to energy metabolism were initiated early in the process, indicating the activation of respiratory activities in mitochondria and ATP release.
So, along with the degradation of starch, lipid and protein, the genes related to energy metabolism (glycolysis, TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial electron transport) were initiated from 36 to 48 HAI, indicating the activation of respiratory activities in mitochondrial and ATP release.
The results showed that AIF silencing significantly activated Topflash but not Fopflash (Fig 4C), indicating the activation of WNT/β-catenin transcription in AIF knockdown cells.
Downstream from the growth factors, hypotheses that correspond to PI3K (kaofamily family Hs), kaof stands for kinase activity of)) and serine-threonine protein kinase (AKT) (kaof AKT family Hs)) activity were predicted to be time-dependently up-regulated, indicating the activation of this particular cellular pathways in our experiment (Fig. 6 (see also Supplemental File 5)).
A reduction in transmission ratio is observed at or near the computed natural modes of the aggregate, indicating the activation of resonance within the inclusions.
Surprisingly however, upon treatment several key genes implicated in tumorigenesis, invasiveness and migration displayed either over expression against a desired under expression or vice versa, indicating the activation of pathways competing with oxaliplatin efficacy.
The data were interpreted as indicating the activation of partially overlapping cortical regions differentially involved in memory retrieval because of the specific properties of the two lexical categories.
However, in the presence of Q-VD-OPh, MR staining colocalized with LC3-GFP, indicating the activation of mitophagy in FL5-Neo-LC3-GFP cells (Figure 4E).
Consistent with previous reports [23], [24], CD40 ligation induced processing of NF-κB2 as well as upregulation of p100 and RelB, indicating the activation of both canonical and alternative pathways, whereas LPS treatment induced only the canonical pathway.
In the present study, the serum levels of C3 and its fragments C3a were over-represented in diabetic serum by western blot analysis, indicating the activation of complement system.
