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As pointed out by LS, rejection of the null with the Lumsdaine and Papell (1997) test only indicates rejection of a unit root without breaks, whereas the alternative does not necessarily imply stationarity around a shifting trend.
Values marked in bold indicates rejection of null hypothesis at 5% significance levels Open image in new window Fig. 7 Comparison of obtained regression lines of LC versus average speed relationship for different cities.
The significance of tau-squared indicates rejection of homogeneity of variances.
X indicates rejection of the null hypothesis that curves are indistinguishable in favor of curves crossing at the 5percentt significance level.
Mutants with greater expression of these genes arose repeatedly over the course of evolution, so their present rarity indicates rejection by natural selection.
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As for Lord Rogers's modernist estate at Chelsea Barracks, it was local opposition that caused Westminster planners to indicate rejection, leading the Qataris to withdraw their plan.
Since (alpha =0.01), values above 2 (dashed-line) indicate rejection of the null hypothesis of connectivity absence.
Fossil fuel power plants and nuclear energy clearly rank on the lower end of the preference scale, indicating rejection rather than acceptance.
*, **, *** indicate rejection of the null hypothesis of non-co-integration at the 10, 5,and 1% significance levels, based respectively on critical values of 1.281, 1.644 and 2.326 Source: Computed by author.
However, in all cases where a KH test would indicate rejction of the alternative topology, (i.e., where KH test p/2<0.025), it is impossible to know whether the SH test would, or would not, indicate rejection of the alternate topology at a 5% significance leve (i.e., the SH test P-value will exceed the KH test p/2 value by an unknown amount) [76].
Significant P-values indicate rejection of the recent expansion hypothesis.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com