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Exact(11)
NA indicates not applicable.
Dash indicates not applicable.
'N/A' indicates not applicable.
NA indicates not applicable (for negative controls).
(FNs are false negatives and N/A indicates not applicable).
N/A indicates not applicable for calculation of K d.
Similar(49)
Blank cells indicate not applicable.
*Blank cells indicate not applicable (no samples collected or tested).
Since our sample included participants prescribed oral agents and/or insulin, participants could indicate "not applicable" for insulin-specific items.
The scale consists of 24 items with a four-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree) and with five indicating not applicable [ 62 ].
Fewer than 10% of students had negative responses "disagree" (D) or "strongly disagree" (SD) to any question, with only a few responses indicating "not applicable" (NA).
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com