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The solid line indicates equality, while a mark above the line means a too high and a mark below the line a too low estimate.
In the first place, he indicates, equality draws on a merely limited number of morally relevant vantages and neglects others, thus having unequal effects; right can never be higher than the economic structure and cultural development of the society it conditions.
(3 Equation (3) represents the nonlinear Granger-causality test, where '~' indicates equality in distributions and (k ge 1).11 Then, by following Hiemstra and Jones (1994), we can define the null hypothesis of Granger non-causality as: (H_{0} :left{ {X_{t, } } right}) is not Granger causing (left{ {Y_{t,} } right}).
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ANCOVA showed no significant interaction between year and period (F1,26=2.68, p=0.11), indicating equality of regression slopes pre-1997 and post-1997.
Again, ANCOVA revealed no interaction between year and period, indicating equality of regression slopes pre-1997 and post-1997 (F1,37=2.35, p=0.13).
The range of the Gini coefficient is 0 ≤ G ≤ 1, with value 0 indicating equality and value 1 expressing maximal inequality.
Demographic data are presented in Tables 2, 3 and 4. * p-value significant <.05 * p-value significant <.05 †Levene's Test for Equality of Variances indicated equal variances were not assumed.
A Gini coefficient of 0 indicates complete equality of income; a Gini of 1 implies a single individual has all income.
The dashed line indicates the equality line.
For example, if x = ⌊ 3. 8 ⌋, then x ≡ 3 where " = " means assignment and "≡" indicates the equality test.
The range of the Gini index is between 0 and 1 (0 and 100%), where 0 indicates perfect equality and 1 (100%) indicates maximum inequality.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com