Exact(7)
A recent study observed that, in patients with spontaneous breathing, only the respiratory variation of the inferior vena cava diameter of very high amplitude indicated fluid responsiveness [52].
An increase of 15% of cardiac index after 10 minutes indicated fluid responsiveness.
Enhanced pulse-pressure variation was present before most of the clinically indicated fluid challenges.
In this case, changes in haemoglobin and BNP indicated fluid retention in the absence of clinical signs or symptoms of cardiopulmonary stress or oedema.
The bottom line is that we believe it would be reasonable to postulate that PPV >13% implied fluid responsiveness, while PPV <10% indicated fluid unresponsiveness.
To test this hypothesis, we measured PPV and the hemodynamic response to clinically indicated fluid challenges in patients with septic shock and in postoperative cardiac surgery patients with increased pulmonary artery pressure.
Similar(53)
A content of hydrocarbon gas, such as methane, could be interpreted as indicating fluid circulation in local fracture zones or as an indicator of matrix permeability.
We hypothesized that sequential measurement of currently available serum proteins will indicate fluid balance.
These features form either as hydraulic fractures or as hydraulically assisted shear fractures and indicate fluid pressures approaching lithostatic, at least transiently.
The corresponding resistivity structures correlated well with the high V p/V s ratios, which indicate fluid presence in a fault zone (Bedrosian et al. 2002, 2004).
The weighted mean treatment effect summary indicates fluid intake following a period of dehydration significantly improved continuous exercise performance (g = 0.46, 95% CI 0.32, 0.61) (Fig. 3).
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