Earlier studies have indicated that deformities may cause premature arthritis (Weber 1969, Verbeek et al. 1976, Eckhoff et al. 1994), although no clear evidence has been put forward previously.
Therefore, in considering the current use of the term "developmental" that focuses on the possibility of the deformity to develop, one wonders why the original word "congenital," indicating the deformity's origin in uterus, has been abandoned.
Each variable is scored as 0 points, half a point, or 1 point, where 1 indicates maximum deformity.
Pirani's scoring system has six variables (posterior crease, empty heal, equinus, reduction of the navicular bone, medial crease, and lateral curvature of the foot), and each variable is scored with 1, 0.5, or 0, with 1 indicating maximum deformity.
The closed method for correction of foot deformities is indicated when the equinus deformity is acquired consequent to an adaptation for a leg-length discrepancy.
"Kubera" or "Kuvera" as spelt in later Sanskrit, means "deformed or monstrous" or "ill-shaped one"; indicating his deformities.
In addition, osteotomies are indicated to correct deformity or to obtain alignment symmetrical to the contralateral side.
We therefore employ the femoral osteotomies for patients who have greater than 20° of inward rotational deformity indicated by the preoperative hip range of motion and CT scan.
Deformity planning indicated that the apex of the deformity was at the level of the distal epiphyseal scar in all cases (Fig. 2a c).
Adapted treatment goals indicated by concomitant deformities or conditions have rarely been reported (Morandi et al. 1989, Garcia-Cimbrelo and Marti-Gonzalez 2004).
