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Every correlation edge in C2 connects a vertex in O and a vertex in E to indicate causality relationship between symptoms and evidences.
Every correlation edge in C1 connects a vertex in E and a vertex in B to indicate causality relationship between evidences and botnets.
"The vast majority of the literature discussed in our article did not indicate causality.
The American Dietetic Association -- the largest body of nutrition professionals on the planet -- conducted a meta-analysis of all the studies that have ever been done on diet and disease, and found that vegetarians have lower rates of heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, cancer and obesity than meat-eaters (they believe that the studies indicate causality, not just correlation).
It cannot indicate causality.
The study has several methodological problems; in particular, correlation does not necessarily indicate causality.
Similar(33)
Although association is far from indicating causality, causal relationships are plausible between age at menarche and several of these factors; for instance, weight loss can induce secondary amenorrhoea (Frisch, 1987).
We wish to emphasize that the term 'effect' should not be interpreted as indicating causality; it is strictly used here in a technical (statistical) way.
Of interest is that IL-6 has emerged as an important cytokine with a link to atherosclerosis and diabetes [ 24, 25], and evidence from two large genetic studies indicates causality between IL-6 receptor signalling and CAD [ 15, 26].
4, 6, 12, 28 A longitudinal study on OH and development of electroencephalography changes in previously healthy women indicated causality between OH and reduced cerebral blood flow, which in turn could lead to cerebral damage.
Animals with genetic modifications in hypocretin or the hypocretin receptor gene have narcolepsy and cataplexy, indicating causality for major narcolepsy symptoms (Chemelli et al., 1999; Lin et al., 1999).
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com