Results show a negative correlation between enterprises' carbon intensity and their equilibrium output in the product market, and indicate a threshold for the relative magnitude of the duopoly enterprises' carbon intensity, above which their absolute output will differ dramatically.
A statistical comparison of the distribution of MLV and random integrations indicated a threshold of significance (p<0.01) for cluster definition of 2 integrations within 3,308 bp for pre-infusion and 27,230 bp for post-infusion T cells, respectively (see legend of Figure S1).
Risk increased with increasing maximal temperature, but decreased with cooling degree days, indicating a threshold of 18°C above which the qualitative effect of temperature changed.
For the other questionnaires and some subscales, Norman's 'rule of thumb' was used whereby a ≈0.5 SD difference indicates a threshold of discriminating change in HRQoL scores of a chronic illness [ 21].
The increased cell death was similar after a 50% dilution of ICM with SM, but did not occur after 25% or 10% dilution indicating a threshold of death receptors ligands concentration for induced cell death.
Printex90 instillation studies in rats indicated a threshold for short-term inflammatory responses of about 130 cm (Li et al. 1999).
Animals from such lines did not manifest an overt disturbance of crypt-villus homeostasis, indicating a threshold level of transgene expression for the previously described dramatic dysmorphogenesis phenotype [ 10].
However, many other studies have taken dummy variable indicating a threshold level of education.
The system is characterized by a subpopulation reproductive number R*. Analogous to the reproductive number R0 at the individual level, R* indicates a threshold behavior of the system: if R*>1 the epidemic reaches global invasion; otherwise, it is contained at its source.
The results of a bone biopsy study of 675 presumed healthy adults aged 20 to 90 years, who died in an accident indicated a threshold level of 25(OH D ≥75 nmol/L or ≥30 ng/mL as a target value for healthy bone metabolism at which further no mineralization disorder (osteomalacia) was detected.
