Thus, "Your name is John," beginning with a medium pitch and ending with a lower one (falling intonation), is a simple assertion; "Your name is John?", with a rising intonation (high final pitch), indicates a question.
The final suffix /mi/ indicates a question.
This phenomenon has been widely studied and was generalized as the Strong Universalist Hypothesis (Ladd, 1981), according to which pitch rising indicates a question and pitch falling indicates a statement.
After completing both rounds of the test, participants were asked, for each category, to indicate (a) how many questions they thought they answered correctly and (b) how many questions they would anticipate answering correctly were a new set of 10 questions to be presented to them in the future.
The average inter-item correlations of five of the seven separate domains however, were higher than 0.50, which may indicate a redundancy of questions within those domains.
Dashes indicate that a question was not asked or a category was not provided in a particular year.
Dashes indicate that a question was not asked, a category was not provided in a particular year or the data was unavailable.
Higher R pb values are desired and lower R pb values indicate that a question is not testing the same educational material or may not be testing the same educational material at the same level (Ding and Beichner 2009).
