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As an index of lean mass metabolism we measured the fasted plasma concentrations of amino acids and urea in the lean and obese state.
Mid upper arm muscle circumference is often used as an index of lean or fat-free body mass, but in wasting conditions tends to diminish faster than total body FFM (Garrow, 1974).
In general, when waist circumference is included in the model as independent variables with BMI as a covariate, BMI becomes more of an index of lean mass than fatness in this multivariate model because the component of weight due to fatness is accounted for by abdominal circumference [ 31].
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In a prospective cohort study of 717 adult patients, BMI and height-normalized indices of lean tissue (LMI) and fat mass (FMI) as measured by BIA were assessed at baseline, 3, 12, and 24 months.
Some objective measurements of the muscle function of the patients at hospital discharge (for example, 6-minute walking distance [ 12] or handgrip strength [ 13]) as well as subjective assessments of physical functioning could represent a more accurate index for the erosion of lean body mass.
Then values of OH, body mass index, lean tissue index, fat tissue index, and body cell mass are provided by the BCM software [ 3].
Now the world's largest diet study has come up with a solution: the most effective way of maintaining weight loss is to eat a high protein/low glycaemic index (GI) diet, with lots of lean meat, beans and low-fat dairy products and fewer foods high in refined starch such as white bread and white rice.
A proxy of lean mass index (LMI) was calculated from raw impedance output by the Tanita instrument as described next.
On the other hand, lifestyle factors, including dietary energy intake, physical activity level, and socioeconomic position, were important determinants of lean mass indices.
27 Other measures of sarcopenia include the Short Portable Sarcopenic Measure consisting of lean body mass index (BMI), grip strength, and lower extremity strength (timed chair rises).
Newgard's talk included a comparison between targeted metabolic profiling of obese individuals with pre-diabetes and insulin resistance (a body mass index (BMI) of ∼36) to that of lean individuals (a BMI of ∼22).
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