There have been several recent studies of FDG accumulation in the liver, mostly in relation to hepatic steatosis, that have used SUV as the quantitative index of FDG accumulation and measure of hepatic metabolic activity [9 13].
For MPO analysis, as an indirect index of neutrophil accumulation, spleen and liver homogenates were prepared in 1 ml of PBS containing 0.5% hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (HTAB) and 5 mM EDTA using a Dispomix tissue homogenizer (Medic Tools) and the protocol was followed as already described [49].
MPO activity was determined in the lung and liver as an index of neutrophil accumulation, as previously described [ 6].
The FAF signal generally provides indirect information on the level of metabolic activity of the RPE, since it represents an index of lipofuscin accumulation [ 43].
MPO activity has been demonstrated to correlate with the number of neutrophils [ 20] and was used as an index of neutrophil accumulation in the heart.
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in lung tissue, an index of neutrophil accumulation, remained unaltered in the lungs of female rats but was elevated fivefold in males by the end of reperfusion (Fig. 2d).
Indeed, the Calcium Ratio, commonly accepted as a useful index of citrate accumulation [ 34, 36, 37] and recently reported as an independent predictor of clinical outcome [ 38], resulted steadily below the conventional threshold value of 2.5 in all patients.
According to a formerly reported method [ 32], the lipid peroxide levels in liver homogenates were measured in terms of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), as an index of malondialdehyde accumulation.
Index of geo-accumulation permits assessment of the level of sediment contamination with respect to global standards.
The extent of each heavy metal in the soils and contamination level was measured using the index of geo-accumulation (Igeo) of metals in soils.
