Other than YN, we used another approximate method developed by Li (1993) and by Pamilo and Bianchi (1993) independently (denoted as LPB), and a maximum likelihood method proposed by Goldman and Yang (1994) (denoted as GY).
For the random effects in Model (1), standard stochastic assumptions are: where iid denotes independently and identically distributed and N denotes the normal distribution.
For and, we use to denote the transmit signal from node, and to denote independently and identically distributed (i.i.d).i.d
We use the vector ({boldsymbol {s}}_{r}'in {mathbb {C}}^{mtimes 1}) with (m leqslant (N_{t}^{text {total}}-T times N_{r})) to denote the independently generated jamming signal.
Then the physiotherapist (KL) with long experience of GMFCS-E&R and the Wilson mobility scale independently classified the children (denoted the level in GMFCS-E&R and the Wilson mobility scale score).
O denotes optical noise, independently drawing from and [ 36]. represent non-specific binding (NSB) noise for PM (XX = PM) and MM (XX = MM), respectively.
To proceed with an inversion analysis, the DEs are related to the experimental data using a state space model: (6) (7) where w i (t) denotes measurement error independently and identically distributed.
All assays were carried out in triplicate for each stage independently and P < 0.05 denoted statistically significant difference.
We assume that the FK and AP genes are located at two independently segregating loci, and we denote the FK and AP alleles as 'K' and 'A', respectively; the corresponding wild-type alleles at each locus are denoted 'k' and 'a'a
Then the mean of total overcounted number of independently blinking N mol molecules, denoted by 〈 N o 〉, is given by (6) 〈 N o 〉 = N m o l ∑ n = 0 ∞ P { N b l i n k (τ c ) = n }, (7) = N m o l η ¯ 1 − η ¯.
The switching guard electrode denoted in Figure 2 was independently controlled so that its DC voltage could be raised to switch ions to the orthogonal path or lowered to allow ions to continue along the straight path.
