Sentence examples for independent reasoning from inspiring English sources

Scholars who genuinely practice the theological precepts of ijtihed, or independent reasoning, a vital ingredient for challenging the present chauvinism, are thin on the ground.

Ijtihad, or independent reasoning, was a danger to the established order, and so the schools were filled with taqlid, or emulation.

The secondary sources of influence include Qiyas (deduction of legal prescriptions), Ijma' (consensus or agreement) and, in forms such as Ijtihad "independent reasoning," as opposed to Taqlid (imitation) and Fatwa (authoritative legal opinion given by a mufti or legal scholar).

An aspirant gains the higher status of mujtahid a scholar competent to practice independent reasoning in legal judgment (Arabic ijtihād)—by first graduating from a recognized madrasah and obtaining the general recognition of his peers and then, most important, by gaining a substantial following among the Shīʿite community.

Ever since its inception Islam's ethos had been contested, but a disastrous turn came with rejection of the printing press and the triumph of scholasticism over independent reasoning, exacerbated by a morale-sapping struggle against European expansionism in the 19th and 20th centuries.

Hanafi school frequently relies on analogical deduction and independent reasoning, and Maliki and Hanbali generally use the Hadith instead.

The architecture of the system is based on SEASALT (Shared Experience using an Agent-based System Architecture LayouT), which is a multi-case base domain-independent reasoning architecture for extracting, analyzing, sharing, and providing experiences.

This paper presents an attempt to devise and develop a domain-independent reasoning system (DIRS) scheme for handling dynamic threats, and uses the scheme for automated route planning of military vehicles in an unstructured environment.

The PBL-CM increased students' critical-thinking skills and personal accountability for self-directed learning, and it would enhance the skills of independent study, reasoning, group interaction and active participation.

Without reference to some independent moral reasoning, we cannot.

Clinical educators were also able to use the routines to prompt their students to engage in independent clinical reasoning, rather than have them passively watch and wait for the answers [ 65, 67].