In most countries in sub-Saharan Africa, HIV/AIDS has already reversed the post-independence developmental gains.
In short, it would be more accurate - even realistic - to think of developmental independence as an unlikely and implausible hypothesis.
The hypothesis of developmental independence between FRPs is widely used throughout the FRP literature as a silent presumption, most often due to the absence of a comprehensive or appropriate analytical framework that can include interdependence.
In other words, most analytical accounts of the FRP phenomenon (regardless of their scope) rely on a hypothesis of developmental independence, either in the form of a simplifying assumption or an unspecified theorisation.
After the Central African Republic attained independence in 1960, developmental activities began, and the urbanization of Bangui ensued.
Our results demonstrated how hybridization can quite simply produce new morphological variation in the case of a complex feature like the mandible that is composed of several parts with relative genetic and developmental independence.
As with ornamentation, the evolution of developmental independence between the sexes may be effective in resolving some of those sexual conflicts [ 78, 79], but sexual constraint has been suggested to limit the evolution of several non-ornamental traits as well [ 80], such as body size (e.g., [ 81- 83]), immune defence [ 84], or levels of circulating hormones [ 85].
Overall, these findings suggest that the balance of experience-independence and critical developmental periods should be further tested and revisited, for both the early and higher-order sensory areas.
Consistent with developmental principles, independence is achieved at lower stages in the most fundamental activities of eating, transfers, and communication.
Since independence, Benin's regular and developmental budgets have been dependent on external support, primarily from France and international organizations.
"There's a risk that we will medicalize what are really developmental issues: negotiating independence, deciding what your goals are in life, having the courage to explore your interests rather than follow the straight and narrow path of careerism.
