That stability was a result of the deliberate creation of electoral districts to favor incumbents, a process known as gerrymandering.
And the longer the mess lasts, the easier it is for Reliance to convert its advantage from first mover to strong incumbent, in the process inverting the existing pecking order of telecom.
It certainly doesn't seem to get invested in the consumer experience, where ancient incumbent companies still process paperwork as if it is the 1800s, and consumers are left wanting for new insurance options that meet their needs.
To attack the incumbents, Shopwave will process payments via all the existing incumbents (iZettle, Veriphone, FirstData etc).
And as states from California to Massachusetts experiment with new ways to draw political districts that are based less on the needs of incumbents, New York's process is being led entirely by insiders.
In instances where an appropriate value may be associated with the CO2 savings compared to conventional nickel production, nickel farming may economically outcompete incumbent nickel production processes.
Operating only in the U.S., LendingClub's sweeteners were rates lower than institutional incumbents, and a process that appeared to work far more seamlessly and quickly.
Sinha notes that large enterprise spends half a trillion dollars annually on software and services, and this creates incredible competition to not only win some of that business, but upend incumbents in the process.
What's driving this growing interest is the blockchain's once-in-a-generation potential for fixing problems, improving efficiencies and reducing risk - and disintermediating incumbents in the process.
Over the last decade there were hundreds of complaints filed but as these are essentially court cases, (and even though the FCC implemented a "Rocket Docket" path) the costs effectively eliminates any serious challenges to the incumbents as this process takes years and it exhausts the resources of small competitors.
While reapportionment offers a remarkable opportunity for those who have traditionally lost out in the electoral process, for incumbent politicians it can be an unsettling time.
