We speculate that the incremental change in the prevalence of diabetes in the U.S. population relates to the decrease in fatality among diabetic individuals, the aging of the population, and the increase in incident diabetes (36).
With 10% prevalence of atherosclerosis the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was €4,651 and €481 per quality-adjusted life year in 55-year-old men and women, respectively.
However, prevalence of LVD progressively increased across incremental DPP4a tertiles (13%, 39%and71%1%, all p < 0.001).
Similar incremental changes occurred in patients with a higher prevalence of risk factors for microcirculatory disease such as diabetes and hypertension.
In the replacement scenario, when the total burden of SAB remains the same over time, while the prevalence of MRSA SAB increases, there will always be incremental costs due to infection control (Figure 1, Table 2).
Similarly, a community randomized trial featuring fluoride varnish applications for Aboriginal children in Australia reported a prevented fraction for incremental lesions of approximately 30%% but no statistically significant change in the prevalence of children with ≥1 affected teeth [ 24].
Additionally, descriptive data also showed patients with HCV and ALD to have higher prevalence of other non-liver related comorbidities, therefore also potentially causing the incremental cost of ALD to be an overestimate.
In these studies the prevalence of disease was approximately 50% and therefore strongly favoured demonstration of significant incremental benefit with use of a more accurate test.
Figure 2 provides a graphical representation of the incremental cost-effectiveness of these screening strategies.> -wrap-foot> Assessed for base-case: prevalence of CIN 2/3 and cervical cancer (CC) was 1.3%.
In particular, populations with different profiles of prevalence of chronic kidney disease and other risk factors might yield different results for the incremental predictive value of information on chronic kidney disease status.
