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Overall, there were no significant differences between the post-surveys of the Lab and No Lab groups; this shows no significant incremental effect of the Phylogenetic Collection Lab.
By comparing the post-survey scores for the Lab and No Lab groups, we could determine the incremental effect of the laboratory exercise on students' abilities to construct phylogenetic trees.
Analysis of these data gave mixed results with some misconceptions showing a significant decrease in one group or the other - indicating an effect of the course in one or both groups - although there were no significant differences between the post-surveys of the Lab and No Lab groups - indicating that there was no incremental effect of the Phylogenetic Collection Lab.
Finally, as long as the scores on the pre-surveys in both the Lab and No Lab groups do not differ significantly, a significant difference between the post-surveys of the two groups indicates an incremental effect of the Phylogenetic Collection Lab in addition to the preceding lectures and laboratory sessions.
To our knowledge, the incremental effect of the elements in the CL Bundle has not been previously studied.
This phenomenon might have attenuated the incremental effect of the SPI, making it difficult to detect.
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The outcome of this CEA is expressed as a ratio of incremental costs relative to incremental effects of the intervention: the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), expressed in euros per QALY Quality Adjusted Lifee Years [14]].
The outcome of this CEA is expressed in the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) - the ratio of incremental costs to incremental effects of the intervention - expressed in 2009 euros per quality adjusted life year (QALY) [ 8].
These percentages do not mean that intravenous products account for over 99% of the variation in administration costs for our product sample – it only refers to isolated incremental effects of the administration-route variables.
These analyses were performed by just calculating the changes in NPV for one rotation, since including land prices and other factors for perpetuity would be too complicated, and unnecessary for just estimating the incremental effects of the sensitivity assumptions on returns.
If the results indicate beneficial effects of any of the interventions, costs and effects will be evaluated and compared from a societal perspective after 12 months, using incremental cost-effectiveness ratios, which will be calculated as the ratio of the change in costs to the incremental effects of the interventions in terms of the primary outcome measures.
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