When the cost and outcomes data are combined within an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (defined as incremental cost divided by incremental health effect), the mean incremental cost-effectiveness ratio appears in the southwest quadrant of the cost-effectiveness plane (web appendix figure A1).
Presenting the results of cost effectiveness studies requires reporting the incremental costs and effects of a new intervention relative to an alternative and then reporting an incremental cost effectiveness ratio (incremental costs divided by incremental effects).
19 20 The primary unit of outcome was the incremental cost per-QALY (incremental cost divided by incremental QALY), a ratio measure that provides an estimate of the cost required to achieve one additional QALY.
CER is defined as (incremental) costs divided by (incremental) effects.
†ICER calculated as incremental costs divided by incremental effects ($10.12/0.01QALY's gained).
HU values provide preference-based measures of utility that are used to derive quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), which are standardized outcome measures applicable to any therapeutic area, used in cost-utility analyses (incremental costs divided by incremental QALYs) in economic evaluations of competing healthcare interventions [ 18].
We calculated the incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER) as a measure of the cost-effectiveness of the aprepitant regimen relative to the UK comparator regimen, defined as the incremental cost divided by the incremental health gain in QALYs.
The ICER measures the relative value of 2 strategies and is calculated as the mean incremental cost divided by the mean incremental benefits.
Each of the 5,000 ICERs was calculated as the mean of the predicted incremental costs divided by the mean of the incremental QALYs.
The cost-utility ratio will be calculated by the incremental costs divided by the difference in QALYs [ 39, 58].
In the CEA, we will estimate the direct costs that would be incurred by an agency, e.g., a county council, in implementing this type of intervention, by comparing the intervention with care as usual with regard to differences in costs (incremental costs) divided by differences in health effects.
