Sentence examples for increasing variation within from inspiring English sources

Disruptive selection has long been viewed as important in maintaining and increasing variation within natural populations [ 1- 3]; favoring the evolution of alternative phenotypes [ 4, 5] and sexual dimorphism [ 6- 8]; and even initiating speciation [ 6, 8- 12].

His work also demonstrated that most mutations had relatively small effects, such as a change in eye color, and that rather than creating a new species in a single step, mutations served to increase variation within the existing population.

We recruited from a range of groups in order to increase variation within the sample.

Increased variation within duplicates caused by IGC activity has already been extensively studied and modeled for small and large multigene families.

Again, we conclude that Lowess, by not tracking a single population, erroneously corrects for CNAs resulting in an increased variation within copy number populations.

An increased variation within populations due to multiple recent colonizations has been shown for the invasive brown anolis (Anolis sagrei; [ 83].

Mid-level cultures were selected in order to not artificially increase variation within the investigated population as to ensure that differences seen due to age were not lost to inter-animal variation.

We concluded that Lowess normalization erroneously corrects for biological gain – as gain correlates with intensity in aCGH data – resulting in suppressed ratios and increased variation within copy number populations.

Increased variation within duplicates undergoing IGC is an accepted phenomenon (Baltimore 1981; Ohta 1982, 1983; Nagylaki 1984; Walsh 1987; Innan 2002, 2003; Thornton 2007; Ohta 2010; Teshima and Innan 2012) and it has been observed in humans (Bosch et al. 2004; Hallast et al. 2005) as well as in other species (Nielsen et al. 2003; Rane et al. 2010; Willett 2013).

A similar faster evolution of gene expression in reproductive tissues has been observed across many taxa (Khaitovich et al. 2005; Zhang et al. 2007; Brawand et al. 2011), and increased variation within species for sex-biased gene expression often accompanies elevated expression divergence (Meiklejohn et al. 2003; Ayroles et al. 2009).

All crossover models share a common characteristic: given a homogeneous IGC rate, crossover is effective in increasing variation and in breaking LD within duplicates only if it is acting between paralogous regions.