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The activation functions are generally chosen to be strictly increasing, smooth (continuous first derivative), and asymptotic.
Histological analysis of explanted materials demonstrated viable adipose stem cells and increasing smooth muscle mass in the cell-seeded scaffolds with time.
Let ϕ ( x, t ) = H ε ( u ̲ p − 1 ( x, t ) − u ¯ p − 1 ( x, t ) ), and H ε ( s ) is the approximate monotonically increasing smooth function of function H ( s ) and H ( s ) = { 1, s > 0, 0, others.
EC apoptotic death-induced loss of EC number and EC dysfunction may constitute an initial causative step in, and have a critical role in, the progress of many vascular pathological situations by compromising vascular wall permeability to cytokines, growth factors, lipids and immune cells, increasing smooth muscle cell proliferation and enhancing blood coagulation [6] [8].
However, it has not been evaluated if the increased amount of versican and other matrix molecules may have an effect in opposing the contractive properties of increasing smooth muscle layers (Roberts 1995).
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Fig. 3 Illustrating how a signal value, the black point, is estimated using a kernel with an iteratively increasing smoothing parameter, h.
AGO can deal with the stochastic and chaos of the data, which can transfer the discrete and irregular time series data to the strict monotone increasing smoothed time series.
There was no significant association of NTGMD with PM2.5 on the same day, suggesting that the decrease in FMD with increased PM2.5 is endothelium dependent and does not reflect increased smooth muscle cell reactivity.
The interaction of antigen with IgE bound to FcεRI triggers mast cells to degranulate, resulting in the release of increased levels of mediators that modulate immune responses and increase smooth muscle contraction and vascular permeability [ 89].
In addition, HA and versican have been shown to increase smooth muscle cell proliferation and leukocyte adhesion.
Ultrastructural evaluation of Leydig cells revealed loss of nuclear chromatin, increased smooth endoplasmatic reticulum, and mitochondria degeneration.
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