You note the high and increasing infant mortality rate in the United States but might be more precise about some of its causes.
Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis has proven to be a cost-effective intervention with demonstrated success in increasing infant survival in both African settings [30], [31] and at GHESKIO [32].
Increasing infant birthweight also increased risk of major PPH.
Bed sharing risk decreased with increasing infant age.
Increasing infant age was associated with significantly less EBF (AOR = 0.65, 95%CI: 0.51-0.82).
As expected, increasing infant age was associated with significantly low rates of EBF.
In populations where HIV prevalence is still low and MC rates are low, increasing infant MC should be a priority.
In the VE-group, increasing infant birthweight was gradually related to neonatal convulsions or encephalopathy, whereas in the CS-group this relationship was inversely related.
The late infancy period is also characterized by increasing infant exploratory behavior, fecal oral exposures, and diarrheal episodes, which will result in substantial shifts in the microbiota.
Three additional factors were consistently associated with risk for major PPH regardless of mode of delivery: increasing infant birthweight, antepartum haemorrhage and Asian ethnicity.
Increased maternal body mass index (BMI) confers an elevated risk of delivering a heavier infant[ 6], while increasing maternal weight gain during pregnancy has been shown to be independently related to increasing infant birth weight[ 6, 7].
