The moving-magnet and the moving-coil type actuators are designed optimally by parametric investigations to increase the force constants.
This shift also indicates that charge carriers have been transferred from boron to the MWNTs, therby results in the shortening of the C C bond which increases the force constant, and thus enhancing the lattice frequency of the MWNTs [16].
Mainly, a volume contraction occurs within the nanoparticles due to the size-induced radial pressure, which leads to an increase in the force constants because of the decrease in the interatomic distances.
Standard parameters were used except inter_rigid (0.1) which was set to allow tight packing of the two proteins, and the unambiguous force constants were increased by five-fold compared to the unambiguous constants.
On the other hand, assuming a shortened C-C bond (i.e., an increase in the force constant) along the SWNT's axis, experimental and theoretical works predict an up-shift in the G-band frequency [28, 29], and that the effect is enhanced with increasing SWNT diameter and decreasing chiral angle [30, 31].
The shifts in the phonon frequencies with increasing temperature were largely explained by the softening of the longitudinal force constants out to third nearest neighbors.
First-principles calculations show that the number of electronic states at the Fermi level increases upon ordering, enhancing the screening between ions, and reducing the interatomic force constants.
<entry id= forceConstants" term="Cartesian <span class="lh">Force constants".
<h:p>Cartesian Force constants</h:p>.
To obtain a reasonable match with the NRVS data while adhering to the proposed changes in Fe NHis coordination, the Fe NHis stretching force constant was increased by approximately 5 and 6% for the single and double mutant, respectively.
