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This suggests that increasing Abl activity could enhance midline attraction.
Does increasing Abl activity alter the dynamics of this response and cause guidance defects?
While an alteration in midline guidance decisions may also account for the AEP defects, the scope of guidance errors observed in neurons leaving the CNS suggest that increasing Abl activity could also be affecting other guidance systems not directly associated with the midline.
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Thus, increased Abl activity appears to affect guidance decisions at several choice points, and, surprisingly, some of these are severe enough to drive these axons out of the CNS.
In the absence of Fra, increased Abl activity appears to be incorrectly utilized downstream of other guidance receptors resulting in a loss of commissures and the abnormal projections of some axons beyond the CNS/PNS border.
CML is a clonal disease originating in a multipotent HSC or early PC because of fusion of portions of the Bcr and Abl genes, which results in constitutively increased Abl kinase activity that is thought to be necessary and sufficient for the initiation of CML.
The result of this translocation is the BCR-ABL fusion protein, which is associated with the increased ABL tyrosine kinase activity that is directly associated with leukemogenesis [ 1].
Increasing levels of Abl activity also interact with heterozygous robo mutants to induce ectopic crossovers, and overexpression of Abl in a comm mutant, experiencing high levels of midline repulsion, actually improves commissure formation [49].
This is likely to result from increased c-Abl activity.
Thus, both increasing and decreasing [36] Abl activity in the absence of Fra reduces the ability of commissural axons to cross the midline.
This data suggests that an increase in Robo1-dependent repulsion is not likely to be the reason axons fail to cross at commissures or leave the CNS when Abl activity is increased in the absence of Fra.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com