Brazil increased tariffs on tools and toys.
Put another way, increased tariffs are a negative-sum game.
By reducing tariff ceilings, this would place tighter limits on countries' ability to increase tariffs.
I have never before seen such intense, widespread populist pressure to increase tariffs and domestic subsidies and tighten import standards.
Beijing quickly followed up with a threat to increase tariffs on American exports of chicken meat and car parts.
Perhaps Washington has justification for increasing tariffs in this particular case, but in general it sets a bad precedent.
Jones said the prime minister "recognised that work needs to be done on pension liability, on increasing tariffs and high energy prices".
In his eight months in office, Economy Minister Domingo Cavallo has increased tariffs, showered subsidies on exporters, slashed government salaries and pensions, lowered some taxes and raised others.
The United States trade representative, Susan C. Schwab, argued that with certain measures in place, China could have increased tariffs on soybeans in 8 out of every 10 years.
