Exact(1)
Parametric studies have been conducted on the influence of inverse ductility and hardening/softening index on P–I diagrams and it was observed that the blast energy per unit of maximum displacement increases as inverse ductility increases or as hardening index increases (softening index decreases).
Similar(59)
Addition of RPPW reduced penetration, increased softening point and penetration index of both base asphalt and SBS modified asphalt.
The introduction of RBP resulted in reduced penetration, increased softening point, apparent activation energy, complex shear modulus in the low frequency area and high-temperature viscosity.
The results showed that incorporation of Sasobit/Deurex into AMB could effectively reduce the viscosity and exert a distinct modification on high temperature performance of asphalt binders in terms of reduced penetration, increased softening point and decreased ductility.
The result of decreased penetration, increased softening point, elastic recovery, viscosity and complex modulus indicates that WTR/APAO compound modification improves the high temperature performance and rutting resistance of asphalt binders.
After mixed with WTR and RPE, the asphalts show decreased penetration and phase angle, increased softening point, rotational viscosity and complex modulus, indicating that intermediate and high temperature rheological properties of the asphalts have been improved by the modification of WTR and RPE.
17 Consequently, cell wall degrades and the cells separate that contribute to increased softening.
Compositions containing waste PF had increased softening points, compared to CTP.
Macroscopic response shows that the equivalent stress suddenly drops then increases, firstly softening and subsequently hardening degrees are related to the turning angle values.
The increase of waste PMMA addition into CTP caused the increase of softening point.
With increased softening, more volatile matter trapped within the mass led to correspondent dilatation.
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