For the Pingtung and Wenchuan EQs, which occurred on May 8, 2008 (Depth = 19 km, Mw = 7.9) and on December 26, 2006 (Depth = 44 km, M = 7.0), respectively, NmF2 increases on the same day that the amplitude of the atmospheric temperature (Tn) variation of the 20 30 km wavelength range in vertical scale increases around the height of 100 km (Sun et al. 2011).
The velocity began to increase on the same day as the meltwater input throughout the winter, but the timing of the peak in velocity (after the melt water input) varied between a few hours (38% of the events), to 1 day (50% of the events) to 3 days (12% of the events) (Fig. 6).
High temperature resulted in an overall 1.78% (95% CI: 1.05 to 2.51) increase in ED visits per 1°C increase in temperature on the same day, 1.81% (95% CI: 1.08 to 2.54) among males and 1.75% (95% CI: 1.03 to 2.49) among females.
They found that a 10°C increase in temperature on the same day was associated with an increase in mortality by 1.17% and 8.31% for the lowest and highest levels of ozone concentrations in all communities, respectively (Ren et al. 2009).
Specifically, for a 10-μg/m increase in PM2.5 on the same day and the previous day (lag 0 1) we estimated a 0.55% increase in all-cause mortality and a 0.57% increase in cardiovascular mortality.
For example, a 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with a 0.8%95%5% CI: -16.4, 21.5; p = 0.94) increase in BNP on the same day.
Axillary temperature was initially 36.8°C but increased to 38.1°C on the same day.
Under both the single-pollutant and two-pollutant models, we found that a 10-μg/m increase in PM10 2.5 was associated with a statistically significant increase in cardiovascular hospitalizations on the same day as exposure, with increases of 0.69%95%5% PI: 0.45, 0.92) and 0.63% (95% PI: 0.38, 0.88), respectively, under each model.
We hypothesized that increases in mean PM2.5 concentration on the same day and a few days before ED arrival for MI may be associated with increased risk of MI and that these effect estimates would be greater for persons with diabetes and those with COPD than for individuals without these conditions.
By fitting our model using 3 years of data in seven counties in North Carolina (Alamance, Chatham, Durham, Guilford, Johnston, Randolph, and Wake), we found that increased PM2.5 exposure is related to increased risk of cardiovascular mortality on the same day and the next 2 days.
However, after adjusting for PM10 2.5, a 10-µg/m increase in PM2.5 was associated with a significant increase in respiratory hospitalizations on the same day (0.67%; 95% PI: 0.14, 1.21).
