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Based on this meta-analysis, maternal asthma increases offspring disease risk to a greater extent than paternal disease.
The results show that maternal asthma increases offspring disease risk to a greater extent than paternal disease.
Accessing the sperm of multiple males increases offspring performance but this benefit was driven entirely by genetic diversity effects and not by the biasing of paternity at fertilisation.
Inbreeding (mating between close relatives) increases offspring homozygosity and usually results in reduced fitness.
Prenatal exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) increases offspring aggression and diminishes differences in sexually dimorphic behaviors in rodents.
Our study shows that exposure to maternal depression during pregnancy increases offspring vulnerability for developing depression in adulthood.
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Evolutionarily, such behaviors are presumably for the purposes of increased offspring diversity, increased offspring genetic quality, and/or extra fertilizations.
We found increased total lifetime progeny production regardless of treatment, which may indicate that there was evolution of increased proliferation of oocytes (instead of increased offspring viability).
Indirect benefits are those that are only expressed in the offspring, such as "good genes" that increase offspring survival.
This preference suggests that mating with such males will increase offspring survival.
Ever smoking was associated with increasing offspring age, white race, high maternal pressure to succeed in school, sibling drug use, and friend smoking, alcohol and drug use.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com