This means that any gains in asset values are largely offset by corresponding increases in liabilities.
Their cash holdings have grown less impressively than those of larger companies, but, like their larger brothers and sisters, caution in these smaller firms has held back increases in liabilities, which have expanded at only a 1.2percentt annual rate since 2009 and only a 1.9percentt rate since 2012.
In "See Spot Sue" (Op-Ed, May 8), Emily Laird states that "increases in liability exposure have spawned a medical malpractice liability crisis" and an "explosion in medical malpractice suits".
The American International Group, the commercial insurer, said late yesterday that it was setting aside an additional $2.8 billion because of unexpected increases in liability claims.
But the trend toward later retirement and other recent changes, like promoting private pensions, will still not cover the assumed increase in liabilities as the working population shrinks and the number of retirees climbs.
The seven-month rally in stocks has been strong enough to outstrip the rise in liabilities, and according to statistics compiled by the asset management arm of Bank of New York Mellon, the funding status of the typical U.S. pension plan got a.6% boost in September thanks to rising asset values, driven by the rising stocks around the world and outpacing the increase in liabilities.
The recourse to external funding to sustain the rise of credit that led to an unprecedented increase in liabilities with respect to the rest of the world, and the lack of anticipation by policy-makers, both with national and international responsibilities, of the consequences of excessive accumulation of external debt.
The Clinton administration says that an increase in liability has not been seen in states with mandatory reporting and contends that reducing errors would decrease litigation.
In addition, new taxes on wealthy investment managers would not be imposed, along with an increase in liability taxes on oil companies, leading Democrats to contend that Republicans were protecting Wall Street and the oil industry.
For example, a provider who perceives an increase in liability exposure could order more tests for insured patients, see fewer patients with specific health issues, or even exit the geographic market altogether.
We conclude that germline defects in HNPCC do not result in a generalised increase in liability to mutation in normal colonic mucosa but that a second, somatic, event is required.
