In this system dynamics simulation study we analyze a series of feedback causal relationships wherein R&D investments create new knowledge stocks, increasing technological knowledge "triggers" and interactions among entities of technological innovation, leading to firm profits through the commercialization process.
Technological innovation in process design often leads to increased technological risk arising from incomplete knowledge.
The results show that firms with international R&D activities are increasing their chances of losing technological knowledge to their local competitors abroad.
In a long process, the concept of knowledge has changed and broadened: from scientific knowledge, to technology (including issues of ownership and how technological knowledge is embodied in products and services), to the capacities to increase opportunities for innovation (social and economic value creation through new goods, services and systems).
At low levels of R&D intensity, firms' propensity to integrate their activities is low, but increases with escalating levels of R&D intensity in order to avoid the misappropriation of value generated by technological knowledge.
Compounding that, female in-service science teachers' perceptions of technological knowledge, technological pedagogical knowledge, technological content knowledge and synthesized knowledge of technology, pedagogy and content significantly and negatively correlate with their age.
At the same time, green construction requires a higher level of technological knowledge.
And like all companies, Procter & Gamble has been pressed to get more return from its technological knowledge.
In the 21st century, perhaps more than ever before, there will be a premium on scientific and technological knowledge.
So technological knowledge exhibits rapid growth just like scientific knowledge.
