Sentence examples for increased pertussis from inspiring English sources

Although a trend towards increased pertussis incidence was already visible before the switch from whole-cell to acellular vaccines, it was really since the introduction of the acellular vaccines that the number of cases reached record highs.

(The flu is always an exception). A new study in Science Translational Medicine highlights three contributions to the increase, but even this new study falls short in discussing all the factors causing increased pertussis cases.

Recently, it was shown that the strains circulating since the end of the 1990s contain a mutation which confers increased pertussis toxin which may enhance infection of primed hosts [30].

Indeed, this is exemplified by the rapid emergence of ptxP3 strains with increased pertussis toxin production [ 23].

Over recent years, several other countries, including the United States (26 ), Australia (27 ), and Canada (28, 29 ), have experienced increased pertussis activity, and these 3 countries have made PCR testing widely available.

Despite these sustained high levels of coverage, increased pertussis activity occurred in England and Wales starting in October 2011, leading to declaration of a national outbreak in April 2012 (23, 24 ).

Despite increasing pertussis incidence in the United States, diversity has remained stable for B. pertussis during the past 20 years; a similar trend was observed in the Netherlands (6 ).

Although global vaccination coverage for diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTaP) remains high, recent reports of increasing pertussis cases among adolescents and adults are of concern because this population can be a source of infant infection [ 1].

In the setting of increasing pertussis burden and waning aP-induced immunity after pertussis vaccination, it is crucial to ensure the effectiveness of other strategies, such as administration of PEP to close contacts to support current prevention and control efforts.

In India, for example, a study in Kerala showed decentralisation resulted in improved access to immunisation programmes and increased Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus (DPT) immunisation coverage (28).

The lower proportion of pertussis positive participants who received the primary acellular pertussis vaccine most likely reflects the increased risk of pertussis in older children, some of whom would have received their primary pertussis vaccinations before the acellular pertussis vaccine had been introduced.