The decline in these life history traits in this area could reflect a high energy requirement to meet the increased energetic demands for osmoregulation, in particular the increased expression and activity of ion pumps including the Naka.
Thus, in an evolutionary context, our model suggests that the reason for this inhibition is an increased energetic efficiency.
Thus it is likely that in our experiment amputation prompts an immune response, which entails increased energetic demands in these injured bees.
Recent investigations indicated another important feature of pulsed powering, which is increased energetic particle bombardment of the substrate.
For the SiO2 films, an improvement of film properties due to increased energetic substrate bombardment was found.
A key challenge is to identify the optimal mix of textured and smooth ground surfaces to encourage increased energetic engagement for the widest range of users.
The researchers also found that even though inflated pufferfish consume as much as five times more oxygen than when they are resting, they do not compensate for their increased energetic demands by absorbing oxygen through their skin.
In the case of SiO2 films, considerably higher resistivity and breakdown field strength were obtained for process conditions with high plasma density and hence increased energetic substrate bombardment.
Evaluating the influence of energy development on pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) winter mortality risk is particularly critical given that northern populations already experience decreased survival due to harsh environmental conditions and increased energetic demands during this season.
Habitat alterations that change the spatial distribution of wetlands in the landscape, such as the loss of small isolated wetlands, have likely increased energetic costs and mortality rates for N. e. neglecta.
We incrementally reduced availability of anthropogenic foods (benefit reduction) and increased energetic costs of movement in response to aversive conditioning treatments (cost increase) to search for thresholds resulting in avoidance of human-dominated patches.
