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I/R markedly increased contracture.
The increased contracture could be attributed to excessive arthrofibrosis; decreased afferent sensitivity has also been a proposed factor in contracture development [ 6, 7, 10, 24].
The results at 9 months showed that a greater proportion of patients 12/15 (80%) in the splint group including those who met criteria for adequate wear (> 3 months) had an increased contracture of the PIPJ of 10 – 40 or > 40 degrees (see table 1a) compared to the no splint group (45%).
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At halothane 0.44 mM, CPA preincubation increased contractures of MHS and MHEh muscle bundles significantly to 59 (33 – 73) mN respectively 45 (24 – 55) mN compared to standard IVCT conditions with 20 (16 – 26) mN respectively 4 (2 – 4) mN.
In our studies, increased ischemic contracture was also associated with greater ischemic injury and poor functional recovery on reperfusion.
The crouched gait often worsens over time as a result of increasing muscle contractures, increasing body weight, and decreasing muscle strength [ 22].
Positive inotropic response to hypothermia was accompanied by moderately increased rapid cooling contractures as a measure of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ content, but can be elicited even when the SR Ca2+ release is blocked in the presence of ryanodine.
Conclusions: Knee flexion contracture angle increased as a consequence of normal bone growth, a situation that is also encountered in skeletally immature children.
A study using miniature gel-filled implants in pigs showed a fourfold increased risk of capsular contracture when implants were inoculated with S. epidermidis [ 19].
Generally, surgical intervention is indicated once the contracture has increased to >30 degrees for MP joints and >15 degrees for PIP joints with identification of a palpable cord [ 1, 6].
Invasive techniques, such as elevation and reconstruction of the inframammary crease for treatment of the double-bubble, are more likely to be associated with longer recovery times, more postoperative pain, increased risk of capsular contracture, and relapse or failure.
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