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Although rapamycin treatment did not increase life span in these flies, it did significantly increase their starvation resistance, demonstrating that these two traits can be uncoupled.
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QMP maintains the abdominal fat of young bees and increases their resistance to starvation (Fischer and Grozinger 2008).
PHO11 and PHO12 genes, which code for acid phosphatases and are induced by phosphate starvation, increased their copy number by a factor of 3 in strain UM237 relative to S288C, while in strain Lalvin EC-1118 the fold increase in hybridization signal was more compatible with its duplication.
Autophagosomes are generated on or in close proximity to the ER and their number can increase upon starvation and other stresses (Mizushima & Komatsu, 2011).
In a study of the brain IPCs the levels of DILP2 immunolabeling was shown to increase at starvation, but DILP5 was unaffected [14].
Frameshift errors on 'hungry' codons in specific nucleotide contexts also increase under starvation conditions [ 11].
SIRT1 activity and expression have been shown to increase during starvation in mammals [ 48, 49].
To increase iron starvation in solid media, the ferrous iron chelator BPS was used at a final concentration of 0.2 mM in iron-depleted media.
The first two categories relate to stress response, which suggests that an overall higher expression of these genes in SR flies is related to their increased starvation resistance.
For instance, phosphoenol pyruvate levels spike following glucose starvation and α-ketoglutarate levels significantly increase following nitrogen starvation.
It was not expected that hxkC and hxkD transcript levels would increase during carbon starvation, because HxkC and HxkD are negative regulators and production of extracellular proteases increases during carbon starvation.
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