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The aim of these optimization processes are to increase the serviceability life-span of the sleepers with efficient technological process, changing the support conditions according to local circumstances.
The advantages of utilising the technology of UHPFC in repairing works includes (i) decrease the working time needed for the rehabilitation works; and (ii) increase the serviceability and durability to an extent where the repaired structures can meet the expected design life of the structures, with minor preventative measure.
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Adhesive mortars are widely used to set porcelain stoneware tiles on buildings because their bond strength and flexibility properties increase the cladding serviceability.
FRP strengthening using the two proposed systems found to increase the loads at serviceability limit by 10%and31%1%, while ultimate strength was increased by 54% and 105%.
Various strengthening techniques have been developed that use carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) to increase the load carrying capacity and fulfill serviceability requirements.
Residual drifts not only cause serviceability issues but also increase the potential damage during aftershocks or future events.
The results show that the precast GUSMRC strips do not only increase the load carrying capacity by 37% over that of the control beams, but also significantly improve the serviceability of the damaged beams.
The results showed that the insertion of steel bars can reduce the inherent variability of wood and increase significantly the stiffness of glulam, which consequently increases the beam capability for serviceability limit states.
In the beams with a ratio of reinforcement of 2%, in relation to the unreinforced glulam beams, the stiffness increased approximately 52% and the serviceability load increased 53.1%, and with the employment of steel ratio equal to 4% these increases were in the order of 73%andd 79.2%, respectively.
Externally post-tensioned steel tendons have long been an attractive option for increasing the design loads or correcting strength and serviceability problems in bridge and building structures.
Joint slip was important when the serviceability limit state was determinant, with its inclusion increasing the cost.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com