Bartone provides a very useful review of the evidence for impact of psychological hardiness on how people deal with increased stress and then pulls together theory and findings from the literature to argue that strategies based on social influence theory offer a way forward to help security organizations increase the psychological hardiness of members of their organizations.
However, elevated production of glycerol is thought to increase the cold-hardiness in a variety of organisms [34] [40] and glycerol levels were shown to be host- and temperature-dependent in Nasonia [41].
Still others may be at an advantage during the long winter months, because they increase the population's hardiness, or ability to withstand the inclement conditions that kill most members of the other genotypes.
To address this situation, as well as to increase the stock's hardiness and restore native type, in the early twentieth century animals from other British native mountain and moorland pony breeds such as the Fell, Dales, Highland, Dartmoor, and Exmoor were introduced to the Forest.
In view of the benefits of hardiness to health, researchers have applied a strategy to promote hardiness, based on theoretical training, to increase the academic performance of college students in California [ 32].
In addition, the phenomenon of cold-hardiness in temperate populations [15], which might increase the ability of Ae. albopictus eggs to survive in areas with low winter temperatures, should be investigated.
Some empirical support for this notion comes from a study by Britt, Adler and Bartone[24], who found (using structural equation modeling) that hardiness increases the perception of meaningful work, which in turn increases the perception of positive benefits associated with a stressful military deployment to Bosnia.
This development is irreversible and, once begun, the tissues can no longer increase their hardiness in response to low temperatures (Saxe et al. 2001; Rapacz 2002).
In recent years, the European varieties have been bred with native American filberts (C. americana in the East and C. cornuta in the West) in an effort to increase hardiness and disease resistance.
Although more research is needed on this issue, there is now sufficient evidence to support the view that leaders can increase high-hardiness response patterns within their organizations, and to provide a preliminary sketch of how the high-hardy leader behaves in order to influence hardiness and stress resilience in the organization.
