A simple explanation is that the increased expression is a compensatory response to an increase in the synthesis of matrix components.
A build-up of phospholipids can be explained by an inhibition of the breakdown or an increase in the synthesis of the phospholipids.
Thus, proline contents were comparable in unstressed plants inoculated whether or not, while the lack of water leads to an increase in the synthesis of proline mainly in non-mycorrhizal plants (31 μg/g FM) (Figure 4).
This suggests that there is either an increase in activity or expression of the enzyme L-amino acid decarboxylase and thus an age-related increase in the synthesis of 5-HT.
The possible mechanism for this lipid accumulation may include: carbon tetrachloride-induced decrease in the secretion of lipids from the liver [28] as well as increase in the synthesis of lipids in the liver [29].
In contrast, PMLI caused a slight increase in the synthesis of viral proteins.
Splenocytes collected from mice administered clinically relevant doses of cytarabine, cisplatin, etoposide, or melphalan display an increase in the synthesis of several cytokines, including TNF-α [17].
In male germ cells, high temperatures induce an increase in the synthesis of several proteins and a decrease in many others [7], [8], [9], [10].
In the case of M. marinum overexpressing either cmaA2 or pcaA, treatment with SRI-224 led to a decrease in the X-like product and also an increase in the synthesis of keto-mycolates (Figure 7B).
The growth of skeletal muscle requires an increase in the number of myonuclei together with an increase in the synthesis of myofibrillar proteins to maintain a constant ratio between number of nuclei per fiber and fiber size [29], [30].
NF-κB also regulates the expression of COX2 that may cause an increase in the synthesis of prostaglandins, which trigger astrocytic glutamate release and induce free radical formation, thus contributing to both excitotoxicity and oxidative damage.
