We observed an increase in the selective constraint among the highly ranked sites but were unable to make statistically significant statements due to the small amount of polymorphism data available (Table S3).
The only exception is of the nuclei in the first test region, which need an increase in the smoothness constraint to be guided to the correct location, especially at the edges of the MRF (Fig. 4A).
Only lamellar-scale reorganization occurs, resulting in a slight increase of the crystal thickness and perfection, and in an increase of the constraints in amorphous regions, reflected by an increase of Tg.
From the results, we can see that the size of robust formulations do not increase much, because the increase in the number of constraints and variables is at the same scale as the number of the uncertain parameters.
The results in Table 1 indicate that the total flow in the network (the flow reaching the gateway (sink)) increases equally for the MP-based and TCA-based CG approaches with an increase in the node-degree constraint.
The results in Table 3 and Figure 5 indicate that the total amount of flow in the network increases for both routing methods with an increase in the node-degree constraint.
where i ∈ V. Varying x in the Select x for less than x TCA for different node-degree constraints ensures that the total amount of flow in the network increases equally for the TCA-based and MP-based CG approaches with an increase in the node-degree constraint.
The analysis presented here suggests that population bottlenecks affect evolutionary dynamics quite differently from constant differences in population size, and it might be the population bottlenecks, with the resulting decrease and increase in selective constraints, that are affecting the substitution rate, while a static lower effective population size would have no such effect.
The increase in selective constraint on the α-proteobacterial and γ-proteobacterial SUG sequences agree with studies that show a frequent association of multidrug resistance gene cassettes with integrons, particularly those among Proteobacteria [ 42- 44].
With increasing in-plane constraint (crack depth a/W), the fracture mechanism of the two cracks changes from ductile fracture through mixed ductile and brittle fracture to brittle fracture, and the corresponding crack growth resistance decreases.
