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An initial sharp increase in richness and density from post-cut years 2 6 preceded a steep decline by year 25.
The apparent increase in richness may be due to maintenance of original vegetation-specific species in untransformed fragments in highly transformed areas combined with species that exploit transformed habitats well in the transformed areas.
Whereas an increase in richness to 200 m depth was observed in both studies, no evidence was found to support a LSDG once sampling effort (number of stations, area sampled) and depth covariates were removed [63], [53].
In deeper waters of the continental shelf, several studies have shown an increase in richness to approximately 200 m depth followed by a decline to 300 500 m (Northern European polychaetes [119], Greenland shelf peracarid crustaceans [128], European-scale infauna [53]).
Interestingly, comparison of the observed increase in richness with sample size predicted by accumulating across habitats and distance suggests that habitat diversity is the important driver at small scales, with the distance-based prediction alone clearly underestimating the number of taxa at these scales.
The sudden increase in richness in the Jurassic coincides with an icehouse climate mode [ 68], as is the case for the initial radiation of Odonatoidea in the Carboniferous, consistent with the findings of Mayhew et al. [ 66].
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Species richness of frugivores and nectarivores decreased with increasing distance to forest, whereas granivorous birds increased in richness.
Forbs, both native and exotic, were the most responsive lifeform and increased in richness and cover after thinning, with the greatest response in the thin-burn.
In contrast, there were short-term increases in richness of mosses and of species growing on disturbed mineral soil, but these species numbers returned to mature-forest levels in the young stands.
While the inoculum is likely to be randomly drawn from regional pools and accumulates over time, our data provide no support for increases in richness over time since deglaciation, as is commonly observed for plant communities.
The rapid initial increases in richness and density were highly correlated with leaf area which, on plots that were heavily stocked prior to cutting, returned to precut levels by year 6 or 7. Species richness on 6-year-old clearcuts was more than twice that of any mature stand sampled.
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