For instance, Griffith [70] found that male house sparrows with experimentally increased breeding effort expressed smaller-sized badges in the subsequent molt.
Even as better hybrids for eastern growers advance towards commercial release, our public broccoli programs are bringing in new sources of genetic variation and adopting genomic techniques that will broaden their capabilities and increase the efficiency of future breeding efforts.
For the past few years, breeding efforts to increase grain micronutrients have resulted in the development of biofortified crops including rice (HarvestPlus 2014).
Breeding efforts could increase the Zn level by 6 8 mg kg −1 (HarvestPlus 2014); while transgenic rice lines developed show an improvement of 15 30 mg kg −1 in Zn levels (Johnson et al. 2011; Masuda et al. 2012; Slamet-Loedin et al. 2015).
Pyramiding of genes and QTL has been successful in many breeding efforts, including increasing barley stripe rust resistance (Castro et al. 2003), increasing barley yellow dwarf virus resistance (Riedel et al. 2011), and improving rice yield and quality (Wang et al. 2012).
This work will facilitate breeding efforts for increased resistance to Sclerotinia stem rot through the use of these PIs.
Introgression breeding efforts of tomato increased globally post World War II, involving the screening of a wide range of traits and all wild tomato species [ 13].
The significant variation observed among the tested genotypes indicates high potential for further increasing vitB6 content of potato through directed breeding efforts.
However, in recent decades, internationally coordinated public wheat breeding efforts have focused on increasing resistance to disease and abiotic stress, while raising the genetic yield potential per se has received scant attention.
Starting in 1959, wheat yield increased by about 1.1% per year, thanks to these breeding efforts—a boost known as "genetic gain".
To further increase yield and to break the yield ceiling, breeding efforts have expanded the yield sink capacity (the maximum size of sink organs to be harvested) mainly by increasing the number of spikelets per panicle.
