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Sampling errors can be divided into two classes, incorrect sampling and correct sampling errors.
Since samples are only as good as the sampling systems that generate them, incorrect sampling will remain undetected without an examination and evaluation of the sampling systems.
However, the noise and incorrect sampling for sample data remain a problem [69].
An underestimation of the PDZ content and the number of duplications with high sequence conservation (some PDZ proteins encode 13 relatively closely related PDZ domains [33]) would lead to an incorrect sampling of the PDZ binding space.
Selection bias may arise from incorrect sampling of medical records.
On the other hand, given that the marker is determined quantitatively, the approach might be prone to variability owing to incorrect sampling.
Similar(49)
End-user's errors relate to safety, procedure (delayed reading, incorrect sample and buffer volumes) and interpretation (not recognizing invalid test results, disregarding faint test lines).
A low ACTH concentration could be due to incorrect sample type or handling procedure, a normal low point during daily secretion, administration of exogenous steroids, or treatment with pergolide.
For this reason, as part of the data pre-processing, the cleaning function copes with incomplete and incorrect samples in the dataset.
Of the 78 patients recruited 4 were excluded from the analysis (one because of a coagulated sample, one because an incorrect sample had been harvested [ascitic instead of pleural fluid], and two due to unverifiable patient details).
A different application is as an inherent sample identifier, enabling determination of incorrect sample annotation.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com