Our method for incorporating side information incorporates duration information precisely as needed to yield an HMMD.
Lifetime smoking history was estimated by the CSI proposed for lung cancer (Leffondre et al, 2006), which incorporates duration of smoking (dur), time since cessation (tsc) and smoking intensity (int): where τ is the half-life parameter, δ is a lag time parameter that modulate the effects of TSC and total duration as follows: tsc*=max (tsc- δ, 0) and dur*=max (dur+ tsc- δ, 0 −tsc*.
The current analysis examines the association between childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and both paternal and maternal occupational social contact, incorporating the duration and the contact level of each job to determine whether adding the duration as part of the social contact measure will influence any association between parental social contact in the work place and ALL risk.
Studies have not examined cancer incidence, mortality, and survival in relation to a quantitative index of total daily PA, incorporating the duration and intensity of various activities.
The relationship between bisphosphonate use and delayed dental healing will be assessed using a multivariate logistic model incorporating age, duration of exposure, relevant co morbidities, concurrent treatment, and other potential confounders as covariates.
Given the variability in the length of follow-up for each of these trials, we used the rate of outcomes per 100 person years to obtain the log rate ratios of one stent relative to another, thereby incorporating the duration of the trials.
The model incorporates both duration and movements in two leading indexes – one designed to have a short lead (SLI) and the other designed to have a longer lead (LLI) – as potential explanatory variables.
The comprehensive smoking index (CSI) is a single aggregate measure of smoking exposure that incorporates intensity, duration and TSC (Leffondre et al, 2006).
We considered rates, rather than number of events, as the most appropriate outcome for these analyses because they incorporate the duration of the trials, which was variable.
The FDA LOC incorporates a duration of exposure of only 5 years and an acceptable rate of cancer of 1 cancer in 100,000 people.
