This study proposes a novel design methodology of biomass utilization systems which incorporates impacts on the existing petroleum refining industry into consideration.
Presently, most design processes incorporate impacts as non-technical criteria, through environmental and social impact assessment studies.
Direct impacts on ecosystem services have been emphasized in different frameworks, incorporating impacts on ecosystem services into LCAs and EIAs (Zhang et al. 2010; Landsberg et al. 2011).
Given that there exists no explicit cost-effectiveness threshold for Germany, net benefits were calculated with the frequently quoted willingness to pay (WTP) threshold of €50,000, which was chosen for illustration only to incorporate impacts on both effects and costs [ 49, 50].
However it may also simply reflect the fact that policies outside the health sector do not consider incorporating impacts on health when formulating policy; for example, the primary purpose of a new transport policy is more likely to be economic improvement rather than health improvement.
"With regard to the technical aspects, an integrated urban water system would be built, which incorporates low impact development measures, upgrades the traditional urban drainage system and provides solutions for excessive run-off discharge.
The aim of this study is to construct a timely influenza surveillance system based on a Bayesian hierarchical model which incorporates the impact of spatial and temporal dependence, accounts for meteorological information, and performs probabilistic prediction on influenza activities.
The QALY is a composite measure of health gain which simultaneously incorporates the impact of treatment in terms of health related quality of life and life expectancy.
Or, more likely, there won't be CSR jobs in the future and you'll have to incorporate impact and sustainability into your existing job.
This design methodology also incorporates the impacts of heat storage and part-load performance of energy production equipment.
