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In two studies, incomplete outcomes were not addressed.
Incomplete outcomes were tackled relatively well, with approximately 80% assessed as being at low risk of bias.
The majority of trials (55/73, 75%) imputed incomplete outcome variables, while only a few observational studies (9/30, 30%) imputed incomplete outcomes.
Here, we provide a new multivariate method of moments for estimating the between-study covariance matrix with the properties that (1) it allows for either complete or incomplete outcomes and (2) it allows for covariates through meta-regression.
Methodological quality was assessed by the tool of bias assessment provided by Cochrane Collaboration, which was based on six items: 23 randomization, allocation concealment, participant, outcome assessment blinding, incomplete outcomes, selective reporting, and other bias.
Other studies of 2009/H1N1 in pregnancy have reported very incomplete outcomes or outcomes for only a subset of severely affected women (table 5). 3 4 5 6 22 23 Half of outcome rates were calculated by using sub-samples of less than 50% of the study cohort.
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Risk of bias [46]: Sequence, adequate sequence generation; Allocation, allocation concealment; Blinding, blinding outcome assessor; Outcome, incomplete outcome data; Report, selective outcome reporting; Other, other sources of bias.
Low High Low Low Low Incomplete outcome data addressed?
A recent review on reporting bias in clinical trials [25] concluded that "the prevalence of incomplete outcome reporting is high".
However, deactivated elements are typically invisible in the general purpose FE analysis, leading to a very incomplete outcome.
One study had high dropout rate and we judge it as having a high risk of bias in terms of incomplete outcome data [16].
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