Diagnostic problems may arise due to incomplete manifestations of SAPHO: either acne and arthritis or acne and anterior wall osteitis with an unclear pustulosis history.
For patients with incomplete clinical manifestations, transthoracic echocardiography is usually required.
Previous studies have shown that incomplete clinical manifestations seemed to be associated with an increased risk for CAA [ 11, 13, 20, 21].
According to Song et al. [ 11], incomplete clinical manifestations in patients aged <1 year and IVIG resistance along with Harada score in 10 patients aged > 5 years were associated with increased risk for CAA.
The difference is likely attributable to small effect sizes, incomplete penetrance, subclinical manifestations of Mendelian diseases, or Mendelian forms of common diseases.
The use of these toxic agents in the background of severe kidney injury manifesting as nephrotic syndrome may account for the atypical manifestations and incomplete remission to steroid therapy we see in these patients.
However, the pathogenesis of this latency and understanding these clinical manifestations remain incomplete.
Apart from complete and incomplete CHB, new cardiac manifestations related to anti-SSA/Ro antibodies have been reported in children born to mothers bearing these antibodies.
Consequently, epigenetic signatures and marks differ fundamentally from genetic lesions by showing a stochastic manifestation and often incomplete distribution, and are in principle (at least partially) reversible.
From a biological perspective, such conditions involve various manifestations of an incomplete development of sex anatomy (e.g., vaginal or gonadal agenesis) and/or of disturbances in the production or action of sex hormones.
The most common manifestation of heterotaxy was incomplete lobulation of right lung (seven cases), malrotation of the gut (seven cases), and persistence of the left superior vena cava (five cases) (Table 2).
