Laboratory assessments included titers of anti-double stranded DNA (ds-DNA), complement level (C3 and C4), C-reactive protein (CRP), and creatinine clearance.
As in Ref. 11, we included titers from 658 of the 728 assayed participants: those with RT-PCR confirmed A(H3N2) (n = 105) and those without any RT-PCR-confirmed infection were included (n = 553), whereas those with a laboratory-confirmed A(H1N1 pdm09 or B infection or without postseason sera were excluded.
The MAT results including maximum titers directed against two serogroups are still informative by indicating one or the other as potentially circulating.
Therefore, among MAT results including maximum titers directed against two or more serogroups only the ones with two serogroups ("mix" results) were considered in this study.
Recombinant retroviruses provide highly efficient gene delivery and the potential for sustained gene expression, but suffer from significant disadvantages including low titer, expensive production, poor stability and limited flexibility for modification of tropism.
Preclinical studies with this peptide formulation in mice and nonhuman primates demonstrated immunogenicity, including high titer antibody responses to V3, lymphoproliferative responses indicative of CD4 T-cell responses, and CD8 T-cell responses [2], [3], and did not demonstrate significant toxicity or local reactogenicity.
Handling of the cDNA library, including construction, titering, screening, and in vivo excision, followed the manufacturer's instructions.
Simulations were performed to analyze the effects of important process and cellular parameters on key measures of reactor performance including ethanol titer, ethanol-to-acetate ratio, and CO and H2 conversions.
With virus avidity included, observed titers follow (10) H i j ∼ N (v i + s j 2 − δ i j, φ 2 ), and the vector of virus avidities v i for i = 1,…, n is estimated in an analogous hierarchical fashion, with v normally distributed with mean and variance equal to the empirical mean and variance of the set of maximum titers across viruses { max (H i 1, …, H i k ) : i = 1, …, n }.
Subjects were selected for inclusion in the study if seroconversion was shown on both assays during admission, or if increased MAA-positive titers (≥4-fold) with corresponding cold agglutinin titers (including seroconversion) were displayed on the second test.
