This included miscarriage, stillbirth and neonatal death grouped together.
Pregnancy outcome included miscarriage, stillbirth or live birth, birth weight and prematurity status at birth.
Secondary outcomes included miscarriage rate and perinatal events such as rates of preterm delivery, term singleton delivery, and delivery of at least one low birthweight baby (<2500 g).
An important limitation of this study is that the adverse pregnancy outcome included miscarriage, non-immune hydrops fetalis and intrauterine fetal death, thus the association of miscarriage alone with B19V is not clear.
These include miscarriages, pre-eclampsia, diabetes, and maternal death.
Women with diabetes are at higher risk for complications in pregnancy, including miscarriages and birth defects.
Pregnant women were not only exposed to 2, 4, 5-T but to low levels of a highly toxic contaminant of it, the dioxin known as TCDD, which is known to have severe toxic effects on laboratory animals, including miscarriages.
It is the most lucrative salon job, yet many younger manicurists avoid it because of the specter of serious health issues, including miscarriages and cancer, associated with inhaling fumes and clouds of plastic particles.
The authors say their number probably undercounts the total number of miscarriages and fetal deaths for several reasons: "(1) They do not include abortions; (2) they do not include miscarriages that occur before 20 weeks of gestation; and (3) they are restricted to hospitals reporting these events," Grossman and Slusky said.
