Parameters including distance of blood donors from blood facilities, experience factor of donors in blood facilities and advertising budget in blood facilities are considered social aspects and applied to form utility function used in this paper.
During a self-administered survey of physician referral practices for hereditary breast cancer, conducted by Koil et al., rural-practice physicians reported several barriers including "distance of services," "lack of awareness of services," "lack of effective risk reduction or clinical management," and "patients not interested" (P < 0.05) [ 24].
The reasons quoted include distance, lack of money, lack of transport, and unfamiliarity with the facility and the surroundings.
The vast majority of quantitative studies that include distance report less use of skilled attendance at delivery in women living far away from a facility.
Measures tested included: distance to nearest POS, size of nearest POS, total number of POS, and area of POS at scales of 400, 800, 1000, and 1600 m.
Additional file 12 shows the effect of including distance to TSS for six representative genomic annotations for the significantly trait-associated SNPs.
These measurements include distances across the length of OxlT as well as one additional measurement between TM5 and TM8 at the periplasmic interface.
Nearly one-fourth of patients did acknowledge specific challenges, including distance, frequency of visits required, and expenses incurred.
Refinements of this basic approach include distances based on the similarity of all putatively orthologous loci between each pair of genomes rather than the binary presence/absence criterion.
Avodia et al. developed a classification method which included distance measurements of the malleoli and the tertius fragment, mortise widening, talar tilt and talar displacement [ 19].
